ISSN ONLINE: 2558-815X
ISSN PRINT: 1584-9244
ISSN-L: 1584-9244

Nutritional status and associated factors among adult patients with tuberculosis

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Introduction. Malnutrition increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB), death, and relapse. The association between TB and malnutrition is bi-directional. TB leads patients to malnutrition, and malnutrition increases the risk of developing active TB by 6 to 10 times. This causes economic burden and affects the patient’s quality of life.
The objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status of hospitalized patients with pulmonary TB in Thua Thien Hue province and to determine its associated factors.
Material and methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 250 adult pulmonary TB patients admitted at Thua Thien Hue Lung Hospital from May 2021 to May 2022. Baseline demographic information, anthropometry, and nutritional indicators were measured.
Results. The mean age of the patients was 55.4±17.6 years (range 18 – 92 years), the male: female ratio was 3:1. The prevalence of undernutrition was 60.4%, of this 34.3% had mild, 16.8% moderate and 9.2% severe undernutrition based on body mass index. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, the predictors of undernutrition were wealth status (OR = 2.64; 95% CI: 1.19 – 5.85; p = 0.017), physical activity (OR = 7.14; 95% CI: 1.87 – 27.27; p = 0.004), and total energy intake of the 24-hour diet (OR = 7.35; 95% CI: 2.86 – 18, 87; p < 0.0001).
Conclusions. Undernutrition remains prevalent among adult patients with pulmonary TB. Routine nutritional screening and assessment upon admission and during treatment, as well as nutritional counselling and communication, are crucial to improve patients’ healthcare.
Keywords: undernutrition, pulmonary tuberculosis, diet.

Full text sources https://doi.org/10.31688/ABMU.2024.59.1.09
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Address for correspondence:
Thi Thanh Nhan NGUYEN
Department of Nutrition, Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue city, Vietnam
Email: nguyenthithanhnhan@hueuni.edu.vn

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Nguyen TTN, Hoang TBY. Nutritional status and associated factors among adult patients with tuberculosis. Arch Balk Med Union. 2024;59(1):67-74. https://doi.org/10.31688/ABMU.2024.59.1.09