Introduction. Heart failure is a major health issue worldwide, with a worrying increase of incidence due to the difficulty in reducing its widely encountered risk factors. In all phenotypes of heart failure, regardless of the ejection fraction, a chronic activation of the inflammatory system is present. Even though there is a low-grade inflammation, it influences the course of the disease, worsening the prognosis of these patients.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) (Sacubitril/Valsartan) and/or sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) (Dapagliflozin or Empagliflozin) on inflammation (evaluated by C-reactive protein levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and fibrinogen) in heart failure patients, when administered together with the other standard medication for heart failure.
Material and methods. Of 220 patients retrospectively enrolled in the study, 33 received ARNI, SGLT2i or both. For this group of patients three clinically relevant inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and fibrinogen) were evaluated at enrolment and after a me-dian interval of 6 months.
Results. A trend of reduction was observed in patients who had treatment with one of the two classes (ARNI or SGLT2i) or both, in comparison to those who didn’t receive any of them. However, the result was without statistical significance, being just marginally significant (p=0.054).
Conclusions. ARNI and SGLT2i seem to possess anti-inflammatory effects, but further randomised control trials with larger scale cohorts are needed, for a more powerful statistical result.
Keywords: heart failure, chronic inflammation, SGLT2i, ARNI, left ventricular ejection fraction
Full text sources https://doi.org/10.31688/ABMU.2024.59.3.01
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Address for correspondence:
Alexandru M. ARVUNESCU
Address: Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Boulevard nr 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: arvunescu_alexandru@yahoo.com
