Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules present in human breast milk that play a vital role in gene expression and various biological processes, particularly in infant health and growth. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of both endogenous and plant-derived miRNAs from the maternal diet, such as fruits and vegetables, in shaping the infant’s immune system, microbiome, and overall well-being. These miRNAs are easily absorbed and transferred to the infant through breast milk, influencing the composition of the gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacteria and inhibiting harmful pathogens. A diverse and balanced microbiome is crucial for the infant’s long-term health and immune function. Understanding the functions of miRNAs in breast milk and their therapeutic potential is essential for enhancing infant health. Further research is needed to uncover the specific roles of different miRNAs in infant development.
Keywords: human breast milk, miRNA, exosomes, gene expression regulation, microbiome.
Full text sources https://doi.org/10.31688/ABMU.2024.59.3.04
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Elena KUZOVA
Address: “Applied Genomics and GMO” Department, National Center of Public Health and Analyses, 15 Acad. Ivan Evst. Geshov Blvd, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
E-mail: e.kuzova@ncpha.government.bg
