Introduction. Treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma is vital but managing cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) and monitoring early diastolic dysfunction are essential to prevent heart failure and improve outcomes.
The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between diastolic function parameters and the onset of CTRCD.
Materials and methods. The study prospectively included 127 adults with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The exclusion criteria were prior cancer treatment, cardiac or valvular disease, or heart failure NYHA class III-IV. The patients were evaluated by echocardiography before treatment and at six months, grouped into Group I (with CTRCD) and Group II (without). Data analysis was performed using RStudio and Python.
Results. At 6 months, 18 patients developed CTRCD (Group I). They had a higher median left atrial volume indexed to body surface area (LA index) (29.5 vs. 25.0 ml/m², p = 0.002) and more frequent LA index > 34 ml/m² (27.8% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.039). Group I also showed higher median E wave velocity (78.5 vs. 62.0 cm/s, p = 0.023), E/A ratio (1.5 vs. 1.2, p = 0.046), and E/e’ ratio (8.6 vs. 5.5, p = 0.004). E/A ≥ 2 was more frequent in group I (p = 0.049).
Conclusions. The study identifies the LA index, E wave velocity, E/A ratio, and E/e’ ratio as early echocardiographic markers of CTRCD. Elevated LA index and E/e’ ratio are key for detecting diastolic dysfunction and elevated filling pressures, underscoring the need for routine echocardiographic monitoring to improve cardiotoxicity management in cancer patients.
Keywords: cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction, diastolic function, heart failure.
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Daniela BURSACOVSCHI
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