Management of symptoms, specific support needs, and adaptation to the disease in patients with advanced and metastatic lung cancer

80% of lung cancer patients present with locally advanced or metastatic disease; therefore, lung cancer is a major public health problem and the management of symptoms is very important. Patients with advanced and metastatic lung cancer were evaluated, regarding the range and severity of symptoms, by using the Edmonton Symptoms Assessment Survey (ESAS) and treatment of the main 5 symptoms. They were also evaluated with concern to their specific needs and the adaptation to cancer disease by using the Needs Near the End of Life Screening Tool (NEST 13)-Item 1, 2, 3 and 4. The most important 5 symptoms of moderate or severe intensity were the following: pain, fatigue, breathlessness, worst general health state and other symptoms. Opioids are the main treatment for pain and breathlessness, while corticosteroids are used in pain, breathlessness, and fatigue treatment. Patients with advanced or metastatic lung cancer require the assessment and treatment of symptoms and access to psychological and social assistance.